The size of the country, the dispersion of populations, and the occasional reluctance to send children to school all constitute educational problems that the government is endeavouring to overcome. Less than half of the school-age population is enrolled. Missions and public education services are responsible for primary education. Secondary and technical education is also available. The University of N’Djamena (formerly the University of Chad), founded in 1971, offers higher education, and some Chad students study abroad.

Primary Education

Most children enter the education system for the first time at age 6 in urban areas (or age 7 in the countryside) where they study for 6 years. Although in theory these and the 3 years that might follow should be free, in practice parents pay school fees and teacher’s salaries too. At the end of primary school the examination for the Certificat d'Etudes Primaires determines whether students are promoted to secondary school, or go to technical or vocational school instead.

Secondary Education

The relatively small number of Chad children who enter secondary school are still far more likely to be boys than girls. After the first 3 of 6 years the state subsidies fall away. Those students who remain on and achieve their secondary school leaving certificate are thus more likely to be sons and daughters of wealthier city dwellers.

Vocational Education

Primary school graduates who are not accepted at secondary schools can study in a variety of manual or technical fields at vocational institutions. After 6 years the successful ones are rewarded with a Certificat d'Aptitude Professionelle.

Tertiary Education

The University of N'Djamena (previously known as the University of Chad) was established in 1971 and is the nation’s leading tertiary provider. It has faculties of exact & applied sciences, business & economics, literature & humanities, health, and humanities. Bachelors and masters degrees, and doctorates are offered.


These qualifications are recognized by UNESCO’s International Association of Universities, the African Association of Universities, and the Association Universitaire de la Francophonie.